Understanding the Importance of Progesterone for Fertility

Are you trying to conceive? If so, understanding the role of progesterone is crucial. Progesterone is a hormone that plays a vital role in preparing the uterus for pregnancy and maintaining it during the first few weeks. In this blog post, we'll dive deeper into the topic of progesterone and cover some essential things you should know.

Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary and helps to retain the thick endometrial lining in your uterus that you built in the first half of your cycle to be receptive to an embryo. It's known as the "pro-pregnancy" hormone.

It's important to measure progesterone levels 5-7 days after ovulation, which is typically on cycle day 21 for a 28-day menstrual cycle and varying days if the cycle is longer or shorter. It may be important to track ovulation with LH (luteinizing hormone) strips AKA “ovulation strips” to figure out ovulation if you don’t know when it is, so you can get an accurate progesterone level. “Normal” progesterone levels are greater than 5 to ensure that ovulation has occurred, but for optimal fertility, levels should be above 15.

Low progesterone levels can be a sign of an unhealthy corpus luteum, due to factors such as high oxidative stress, low mitochondrial function, suboptimal estrogen levels, or a low LH surge. It's important to note that low progesterone does not necessarily mean that you have a deficiency of progesterone cream.

If progesterone is low, some natural ways to boost it include eating colorful fruits and vegetables, focusing on gut health, supplementing with nutrients including vitamin C, zinc, and magnesium, and using herbs like Vitex. Progesterone creams or herbs with progesterone-like action should only be given in the luteal phase between ovulation and the start of your period.

If my patients have confirmed pregnancy tests (BFPs= big fat positives!), then I immediately order a lab series: progesterone and hCG-quant, which is a blood test done immediately and then redone 48-72 hours later to ensure that hCG is doubling in that time frame and progesterone is increasing. If progesterone is not increasing, it needs to be supported. Typically, OBGYN or midwife pregnancy providers Rx microionized oral progesterone that is inserted vaginally, vaginal suppositories, or other methods of taking progesterone. Oral progesterone inserted vaginally is my preferred method.

Remember, every person is unique, and there are many factors that can impact progesterone levels. It's always best to consult with your naturopathic doctor or integrative fertility provider to get personalized advice and treatment. By understanding progesterone and its impact on fertility, you can take control of your health and work towards a successful pregnancy.